What is five-axis machining, and how does it differ from three-axis machining?

Five-axis machining refers to a CNC machining process where the cutting tool or the workpiece can move along five independent axes simultaneously: three linear axes (X, Y, Z) and two rotational axes (A, B, or C). This additional movement allows for more complex and precise shaping of parts. In contrast, three-axis machining only utilizes the X, Y, and Z linear axes. While three-axis machining is suitable for basic flat or prismatic shapes, five-axis machining can produce intricate geometries, undercuts, and complex contours in a single setup, reducing the need for multiple setups and improving accuracy and efficiency.